State Law

Texas Admin. Code-Title 28-Part 1-Chapter 21-Subchapter PP-Division 3. Arbitration Process

08/24/2023 Texas Sections 21.5020 through 21.5023

Qualified Arbitration Claim Criteria; Arbitration Request Procedure; Informal Settlement Teleconference; Arbitration Participation

OON-Payment Issues

Section 21.5020. Qualified Arbitration Claim Criteria

(a) Required criteria. An out-of-network provider that is not a facility or a health benefit plan issuer or administrator may request mandatory binding arbitration of an out-of-network claim under §21.5021 of this title (relating to Arbitration Request Procedure) if the claim complies with the criteria specified in this section. An out-of-network claim that complies with those criteria is referred to as a “qualified arbitration claim” in this subchapter.

(1) The health benefit claim must be for:

(A) emergency care;

(B) a health care or medical service or supply provided by a facility-based provider in a facility that is a participating provider;

(C) an out-of-network laboratory service; or

(D) an out-of-network diagnostic imaging service; and

(2) The health benefit claim must be for a charge billed by the provider and unpaid by the health benefit plan issuer or administrator after copayments, coinsurance, and deductibles for which an enrollee may not be billed.

(b) Availability. Not later than the 90th day after the date an out-of-network provider receives the initial payment for a health care or medical service or supply, the out-of-network provider or the health benefit plan issuer or administrator may request arbitration of a settlement of an out-of-network health benefit claim. The initial payment could be zero dollars if the allowable amount was applied to an enrollee’s deductible.

(c) Ineligible claims. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties, an arbitrator may not determine whether a health benefit plan covers a particular health care or medical service or supply.

See https://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public/readtac$ext.TacPage?sl=R&app=9&p_dir=&p_rloc=&p_tloc=&p_ploc=&pg=1&p_tac=&ti=28&pt=1&ch=21&rl=5020

Section 21.5021. Arbitration Request Procedure

(a) Arbitration request and notice.

(1) An out-of-network provider or a health benefit plan issuer or administrator may request arbitration. To be eligible for arbitration, the party requesting arbitration must complete the arbitration request information required on the department’s website at www.tdi.texas.gov, as specified in subsection (b) of this section.

(2) The party who requests the arbitration must provide written notice to each other party on the date the arbitration is requested. The notification must contain the information as specified on the department’s website, including the necessary claim information and contact information of the parties. A health benefit plan issuer or administrator requesting arbitration must send the arbitration notification to the mailing address or email address specified in the claim submitted by the provider. If a provider does not specify an address to receive notice requesting arbitration in the claim, the health benefit plan issuer or administrator may provide notice to the provider at the provider’s last known address the issuer or administrator has on file for the provider. A provider requesting arbitration must send the arbitration notification to the email address specified in the explanation of benefits by the health benefit plan issuer or administrator.

(b) Submission of request. The requesting party must submit information necessary to complete the initial arbitration request, including:

(1) provider details, including identifying the provider type, provider contact information, and provider representative information;

(2) claim information, including the claim number, type of service or supply provided, date of service, billed amount, amount paid, and balance; and

(3) relevant information from the enrollee’s health benefit plan identification card or a similar document, including plan number and group number.

(c) Notice of teleconference outcome. Parties must submit additional information on the department’s website at the completion of the informal settlement teleconference period, including the date the teleconference request was received, the date of the teleconference, and settlement offer amounts.

(d) Arbitrator selection.

(1) The parties must notify the department, through the department’s website, on or before 30 days from the date arbitration was requested if:

(A) the parties agree to a settlement;

(B) the parties agree to the selection of an arbitrator; or

(C) the parties agree to extend the deadline to have the department select an arbitrator and notify the department of new deadlines.

(2) If the department is not given notification under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the department will assign an arbitrator after the 30th day from the date the arbitration is requested. The parties must pay the nonrefundable arbitrator’s fee to the arbitrator when the arbitrator is assigned. Failure to pay the arbitrator when the arbitrator is assigned constitutes bad faith participation, and the arbitrator may award the binding amount to the other party.

(e) Submission of information.

(1) The arbitrator must submit information, as specified on the department’s website, to the department at the completion of the arbitration, including:

(A) name of the arbitrator, date when the arbitrator was selected, the date of the decision, the date of the arbitrator report, and when payment was made; and

(B) the written decision, including any final offers made during the health benefit plan issuer’s or administrator’s internal appeal process or informal settlement, reasonable amount for the services or supplies, and the binding award amount.

(2) If the parties settle the dispute before the arbitrator’s decision, the parties must submit information, as specified on the department’s website, to the department, including:

(A) the date of the settlement; and

(B) the amount of the settlement.

(f) Arbitrator approval and removal.

(1) Arbitrators may apply to the department using a method as determined by the Commissioner, including through an application on the department’s website or the department’s procurement process. An individual or entities that employ arbitrators may apply for approval.

(2) A list of qualified arbitrators will be maintained on the department’s website. An arbitrator who no longer meets the qualification requirements in Insurance Code §1467.086 (concerning Selection and Approval of Arbitrator) will be terminated. An arbitrator must notify the department immediately if the arbitrator wants to voluntarily withdraw from the list.

(g) Arbitration process.

(1) A party may request arbitration after 20 days from the date an out-of-network provider receives the initial payment for a health benefit claim, during which time the out-of-network provider may attempt to resolve a claim payment dispute through the health benefit plan issuer’s or administrator’s internal appeal process.

(2) The parties must submit written information to an arbitrator concerning the amount charged by the out-of-network provider for the health care or medical service or supply, and the amount paid by the health benefit plan issuer or administrator.

(3) The arbitrator must evaluate the factors specified in Insurance Code §1467.083 (concerning Issue to Be Addressed; Basis for Determination).

(4) The arbitrator must provide the parties an opportunity to review the written information submitted by the other party, submit additional written information, and respond in writing to the arbitrator on the time line set by the arbitrator.

(5) Each party is responsible for reviewing the list of arbitrators and notifying the department within 10 days of the request for arbitration if there is a conflict of interest with any of the arbitrators on the list to avoid the department assigning an arbitrator with a conflict of interest.

(6) If a party does not respond to the arbitrator’s request for information, the dispute will be decided based on the available information received by the arbitrator without an opportunity for reconsideration.

(7) The submission of multiple claims to arbitration in one proceeding must be for the same provider and the same health benefit plan issuer or administrator and the total amount in controversy may not exceed $5,000.

(h) Assistance. Assistance with submitting a request for arbitration is available on the department’s website at www.tdi.texas.gov.

See https://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public/readtac$ext.TacPage?sl=R&app=9&p_dir=&p_rloc=&p_tloc=&p_ploc=&pg=1&p_tac=&ti=28&pt=1&ch=21&rl=5021

Section 21.5022.  Informal Settlement Teleconference

A party subject to mandatory arbitration requested by an out-of-network provider or a health benefit plan issuer or administrator under this division must use best efforts to coordinate an informal settlement teleconference, as required by Insurance Code §1467.084 (concerning Availability of Mandatory Arbitration). The health benefit plan issuer or administrator must make a reasonable effort to arrange the teleconference at a date and time when the parties or representatives of the parties can participate in the informal settlement teleconference. The informal settlement teleconference must occur no later than the 30th day after arbitration is requested, unless the parties agree to extend the deadline.

See https://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public/readtac$ext.TacPage?sl=R&app=9&p_dir=&p_rloc=&p_tloc=&p_ploc=&pg=1&p_tac=&ti=28&pt=1&ch=21&rl=5022

Section 21.5023. Arbitration Participation

Under Insurance Code §1467.101 (concerning Bad Faith), conduct that constitutes bad faith arbitration includes failing to:

(1) participate in the informal settlement teleconference under §1467.084(d) or an arbitration;

(2) provide information that the arbitrator believes is necessary to facilitate a decision; or

(3) designate a representative participating in the arbitration with full authority to enter into any agreement.

See https://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public/readtac$ext.TacPage?sl=R&app=9&p_dir=&p_rloc=&p_tloc=&p_ploc=&pg=1&p_tac=&ti=28&pt=1&ch=21&rl=5023